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31.
Lauri Keskinen 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(6):853-875
This article focuses on political socialisation in Finnish working class sports clubs during the years 1903–1923. These sports clubs, which often were subdivisions of workers’ associations, were expected to teach their members about socialism and its implications for local and national politics. This article examines individual cases in which a member of a working class sports club could acquire information about socialism and, in more general terms, about the traditions of the working class. Concurrently, this paper provides a survey of socialist, and in some cases communist, ideology, which the sports clubs embodied and disseminated to their members. Research revealed that working-class sports clubs differed widely in the means and levels of political socialisation. 相似文献
32.
Högfeldt Anna-Karin Malmi Lauri Kinnunen Päivi Jerbrant Anna Strömberg Emma Berglund Anders Villadsen Jørgen 《Tertiary Education and Management》2018,24(1):49-65
This continuous research within Nordic engineering institutions targets the contexts and possibilities for leadership among engineering education program directors. The IFP-model, developed based on analysis of interviews with program leaders in these institutions, visualizes the program director’s informal and formal power. The model is presented as a tool for starting a shared discussion on the complexities of the leadership of engineering program development. The authors liken program development to hunting in teams. Each individual expert in the program is needed, and all experts will need to work and collaborate for the same target. This calls for strategic and long-term thinking of engineering education development. Institutions should support the development of both formal structures as well as informal leadership skills among their program directors, but never fall for the temptation to see the program director as the only actor on the stage. 相似文献